A Supreme Court in India turned down a plea on Wednesday to stop the implementation of a new citizenship law based on religion that has set off violent protests in the country.

According to the court, the hearings on the sweeping measure will be holding next month.

The Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) makes it easier for non-Muslims from the neighboring countries of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, and Pakistan who settled in India before 2015 to gain Indian citizenship.

Modi’s government says the law was intended to address the persecution of minorities such as Hindus, Sikhs, and Christians in the Muslim-majority countries of Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Bangladesh.

Those groups, many of whom have been languishing in India for years without rights, will now get an automatic path to Indian nationality if they came from these three countries before 2015.

Thousands of people have protested, saying the law is anti-Muslim and the latest in a series of measures by Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s Hindu nationalist government to marginalize the community.

“We want a stay order in the CAA case,” said Kapil Sibal, a lawyer for petitioners who challenged the law in court, adding it conflicted with parts of the Indian constitution guaranteeing equality to all.

Supreme Court Chief Justice S.A. Bobde refused requests to hold off the implementation of the law, which came into effect last week. The court will, however, hear petitions challenging the constitutional validity of the law on Jan. 22.